Land ownership is essential for creating wealth in any given community. Most Americans created wealth from land ownership. When white European immigrants came from Europe to settle in the Americas they were promised land. In England they had been landless but…
Zimbabwe's Roger Boka was a visionary and an economic freedom fighter. He broke the economic glass ceiling when he launched the first black owned Merchant Bank in Zimbabwe, United Merchant Bank. Prior to Boka's launch, Zimbabwean banking had been dominated by foreign…
In 1790, the new Congress passed a naturalization act, referred to as the Nationality Act of 1790. Congress limited the right to citizenship to “free white persons.” In practice, only white, male property owners could naturalize and acquire the status of citizens,…
The Center for Social Solutions at the University of Michigan is leading a group of college and university scholars in an effort to examine possible avenues to provide reparations for African Americans and Indigenous people. Reparations refers to compensation, which may include…
The Portuguese seized the island of Sao Tome in the Gulf of Guinea and about 200 miles west of Gabon. The plantations were supposed to produce sugar for the European market. This was one of the earliest forms of black labor used…
In 1998, Zimbabweans began to invade farms that were farmed by the descendants of white colonialists. Many of these Zimbabweans remembered a time after 1930 when white settlers forcibly stole land that belonged to black people. In 2000, the Zimbabwe government passed…
Like many politicians before and after him, when Woodrow Wilson was desperate to win the vote during the 1912 election, he looked to black voters. Wilson said, I want to assure them (Negroes) that when I become President of the United States…
The Kuba kingdom did not become significant until about 1625. It is part of now present-day Democratic Republic of Congo. The Kuba Kingdom was a conglomerate of several smaller Bushongo-speaking principalities as well as the Kete, Coofa, Mbeengi, and the Kasai Twa…
In 1898, a group of white vigilantes—angry and fearful at the newly elected local government made up of duly elected black politicians—joined forces with area militias to rain terror on Wilmington, North Carolina, then the South’s most progressive Black-majority city. The Wilmington,…
Central African Republic President Faustin Archange Touadéra has been reelected in the first round of the presidential vote held on December 27. He secured more than 53% of votes in the first round, according to provisional results announced by the electoral commission…